Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications - digital archive 

Abstract

The low-temperature reduction of the mixed system nickel oxide-magnesium oxide with hydrogen was studied thermogravimetrically in the region 260-470 °C. The two oxides form in the whole composition region solid solutions, some physicochemical parameters of which vary nonmonotonically with the sample composition. The kinetics and degree of reduction of nickel oxide are appreciably affected by the presence of the unreduced magnesium oxide, in higher concentrations lowering the reaction rate. The kinetics of the reduction can be quantitatively described by the equation 1-(1-α)^1/3 = kt, valid in dependence on the composition in differently wide ranges of the degree of reduction α. The reaction rate can be varied, particularly for samples with low contents of magnesium oxide, by heat treatment in inert atmosphere at 700 °C, and for all samples by irradiation by gamma rays or fast neutrons. The reduction rate grows with the increasing content of magnesium oxide up to a constant value. The positive effect increases with the increasing gamma dose and, according to the kind of radiation, in the order γ, n. The variation of the reactivity of irradiated or thermally treated mixed oxides is due predominantly to the shift of the equilibrium of the lattice defects, formation and stabilization of new centres, which affect the rate of nucleation of the forming metal phase.